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Mask-Aware Policy Gradients for Diffusion Language Models

2026-07-16 · arXiv: 2607.15200

One-line summary

An AI research paper on Mask-Aware Policy Gradients for Diffusion Language Models.

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Chinese explanation / 中文解读

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Original abstract

Reinforcement learning has proven effective for improving reasoning in large language models, but extending it to Masked Diffusion Language Models (MDLMs) remains challenging due to the intractability of the log-likelihood estimation. Existing approaches approximate this log-likelihood by modeling only the token predictions, ignoring the order in which positions are unmasked during generation. We observe that MDLM generation involves two decisions at each step: what tokens to place at each masked position and which positions to remask. We formalize this as a two-stage action MDP, showing that the policy gradient naturally decomposes into a token term and a masking term. Combining optimization of both terms leads to state-of-the-art outcomes on mathematical reasoning and coding benchmarks, with scores of 87.1% on GSM8K and 53.4% on MBPP.

5.0Engineering value
7.0Research novelty
4.0Business relevance

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